potassium citrate vs potassium chloride vs potassium gluconate

potassium citrate vs potassium chloride vs potassium gluconate2020/09/28

Accessed 11/19/18. Effect of increased potassium intake on cardiovascular risk factors and disease: systematic review and meta-analyses. 2013 Aug 15;305(4):F592-9. Multivitamin-mineral supplements in the US do not contain more than 99 mg of potassium per serving (50). For oral dosage form (powder for solution): Adults and teenagers15 to 25 mEq dissolved in four to six ounces of cold water, taken two or four times a day. Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. ASH position paper: dietary approaches to lower blood pressure. (The National Academies Press), 10. Connie Weaver, Ph.D. Do not keep outdated medicine or medicine no longer needed. Hypokalemia is usually due to excessive loss of potassium as with prolonged vomiting or diarrhea, use of, Chronic hypertension damages the heart, blood vessels, and kidneys, thereby increasing the, Good dietary sources of potassium include, Safety concerns with consuming potassium are limited in healthy people because the kidneys adjust urinary potassium, The use of potassium-wasting diuretics (e.g., thiazide diuretics or furosemide), Abnormally high production of aldosterone (hyperaldosteronism). 47. Hyperkalemia can cause nausea, slower pulse and cardiac arrest if the heartbeat gets too slow or stops. In the absence of treatment, hypokalemia can have serious complications and even be fatal (see Deficiency). 2013;142(4):327-345. Potassium chloride is a form of potassium for people who have low levels of potassium, also known as hypokalemia. An important distinction however, is that studies do show that increasing your dietary intake of potassium is effective in preventing hypokalemia. Theyre also not available in the same dosage forms. Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic School of Continuous Professional Development, Mayo Clinic School of Graduate Medical Education, Potassium Supplement (Oral Route, Parenteral Route). Filippini T, Violi F, D'Amico R, Vinceti M. The effect of potassium supplementation on blood pressure in hypertensive subjects: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Licorice contains a compound (i.e., glycyrrhizic acid) with similar physiologic effects to those of aldosterone, a hormone that increases urinary excretion of potassium. Mumoli N, Cei M. Licorice-induced hypokalemia. Differing effects of supplemental KCl and KHCO3: pathophysiological and clinical implications. The balance of potassium and sodium is critical for normal cell functioning. Potassium is the primary cation within our cells and it plays a major role in how they function. Call your doctor or 911 if you think you may have a medical emergency. WebThe effectiveness of potassium citrate as a potassium supplement was compared to that of potassium chloride in 13 patients with calcium nephrolithiasis treated with thiazide. WebPOTASSIUM GLUCONATE (poe TASS i um GLOO koe nate) prevents and treats low levels of potassium in your body. Tight control of cell membrane potential is critical for nerve impulse transmission, muscle contraction, and heart function (2-4). What Is the Difference Between Magnesium Glycinate and Magnesium Gluconate? 1983;96:294-305. Qualitative analysis of anions. development of hypertension, particularly when salt (sodium) intake is high. (PubMed), 14. Curhan GC, Willett WC, Speizer FE, Spiegelman D, Stampfer MJ. 1994;23(2):359-377. Sign up for free, and stay up to date on research advancements, health tips and current health topics, like COVID-19, plus expertise on managing health. Stone M, Martyn L, and Weaver C. Potassium intake, bioavailability, hypertension, and glucose control. Adler AJ, Taylor F, Martin N, Gottlieb S, Taylor RS, Ebrahim S. Reduced dietary salt for the prevention of cardiovascular disease. Hi docs, do you think it's bad to take potassium chloride with potassium citrate? (PubMed), 20. (PubMed), 36. By lowering the uric acid level, potassium citrate is helpful in preventing or treating gout and certain metabolic disorders resulting from kidney disease 3. Her work has been published in "Prevention," "Nurseweek" and "Senior Life." The chemical name is potassium chloride, and the structural formula is KCl. Careers. Theres usually an adequate amount of potassium in a well-balanced diet but people who are taking certain medications or have specific conditions may require supplements. (PubMed), 8. 307 Linus Pauling Science Center A study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association concluded that consuming two times more potassium than sodium in the regular diet lowers the risk of dying from heart disease considerably. Potassium is a normal component of a regular, well rounded diet and is contained in many foods such as meats, fruits and vegetables. All rights reserved. Potassium is a mineral that is found in many foods and is needed for several functions of your body, especially the beating of your heart. Potassium Intake of the US Population: What We Eat In America, NHANES 2009-2010. According to the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, the recommended daily intake of this mineral is 4,700 milligrams, however, most people in the United States consume barely half that amount. Its not small but smaller than the 20MEQ horse pill. Modern (Western) diets tend to be relatively low in sources of alkali (fruit and vegetables) and high in sources of acid (fish, meat, and cheese) (25). 2012;4:2097-120. 2018;137(3):237-246. The relative deficiency of dietary potassium in the modern diet and a higher sodium-to-potassium ratio may contribute to the development of some chronic diseases. National Institutes of Health, Health Claim Notification for Potassium Containing Foods. Intestinal ulceration has been reported after the use of enteric-coated potassium chloride tablets. The richest sources of potassium are fruit and vegetables. It is not intended as nutritional or medical advice for individual problems. 2015;2(1). The usual dose is 1 to 3 mEq per kg (0.45 to 1.36 mEq per pound) of body weight taken in smaller doses during the day. Lambert H, Frassetto L, Moore JB, et al. (PubMed), 52. They both act as potassium supplement Read More. Philadelphia: W.B. Since your potassium gluconate supplement contains 550mg per pill, that equates to about 8.5 tablets. 2018;319(12):1209-1220. WebPotassium is available in different supplemental forms, including potassium chloride, potassium citrate, potassium gluconate, potassium bicarbonate, potassium It helps maintain the water balance inside the cells and is essential in the transmission of nerve impulses. I read an Article on a pharmaceutical blog comparing potassium gluconate to POT chloride. Lemann J, Jr., Pleuss JA, Gray RW. However, most people will not take more than 100 mEq a day. 2015;593(6):1361-1382. 2008;88(4):1159-1166. ChildrenDose must be determined by your doctor. Hypokalemia. Flame test. Other differences between the two include: Converting Potassium Chloride To Potassium Gluconate. Potassium supplementation and heart rate: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Can potassium gluconate and lemon juice be substituted for 10 meq ( 4 a day) of potassium citrate . 26. The solution should be well mixed into water or juice. The key difference between potassium chloride and potassium phosphate is that potassium chloride has a chloride anion bound to potassium cation, whereas potassium phosphate has one, two, or three phosphate anions bound to potassium cation. Ionic reactions. You may hyperlink to this website but must include the following statement: "This link leads to a website provided by the Linus Pauling Institute at Oregon State University. For oral dosage form (tablets for solution): Adults and teenagers20, 25, or 50 mEq dissolved in one-half to one glass of cold water, taken one or two times a day. There is no evidence that potassium supplements are useful in the treatment of high blood pressure. WebPotassium citrate and potassium gluconate versus potassium chloride. 2017;2(19):e94920. Severe hypokalemia may result in muscular paralysis or abnormal heart rhythms (cardiac arrhythmias) that can be fatal (1, 6). Cochrane Database Syst Rev. Epub 2022 May 8. UPDATE - Canadian Urological Association guideline: Evaluation and medical management of kidney stones. Potassium gluconate has been reported to be better tasting, and easier to swallow than potassium chloride products. 2018;10(9). These pumps use ATP (energy) to pump sodium out of the cell in exchange for potassium (Figure 1). J Hypertens. Natural Medicines. Instacart. Nutrients. Another three-month, randomized, placebo-controlled trial in 244 adults (50 years) examined the effect of oral potassium bicarbonate, at either 39 mg/kg/day or 58.5 mg/kg/day, on markers of bone turnover (29). Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press; 2019:121-154. Medical Content Reviewed By HelloPharmacist 2013;4(3):368s-377s. This is especially important if you are also taking both diuretics (water pills) and digitalis medicines for your heart. Video chat with a U.S. board-certified doctor 24/7 in less than one minute for common issues such as: colds and coughs, stomach symptoms, bladder infections, rashes, and more. Urolithiasis. Ann Intern Med 1997;126:497-504. Before Unlike 24-hour dietary recalls, 24-hour urine collections provide accurate estimates of dietary intakes of sodium and potassium (36). Meta-analysis of the quantity of calcium excretion associated with the net acid excretion of the modern diet under the acid-ash diet hypothesis. A diet rich in fruit and vegetables that supplies 2.6-3.4g/day of potassium (see AI) should contribute to maintaining a low risk of chronic disease in generally healthy older adults. As an electrolyte, potassium is involved in transporting nutrients to the cells and carrying wastes away. This recommendation does not apply to individuals who have been advised to limit potassium consumption by a health care professional (see Safety). Accessed 12/12/18. The effectiveness of potassium citrate as a potassium supplement was compared to that of potassium chloride in 13 patients with calcium nephrolithiasis treated with thiazide. Please note, we cannot prescribe controlled substances, diet pills, antipsychotics, or other commonly abused medications. Nutrients. Adv Nutr 2013;4:368S-77S. He has been featured in numerous publications including the Huffington Post as well as a variety of health and pharmacy-related blogs. You'll soon start receiving the latest Mayo Clinic health information you requested in your inbox. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. There is a problem with Several medications, including aminoglycosides, anti-fungal agents (amphotericin-B, fluconazole), and cisplatin, can damage the renal tubular epithelium and lead to severe potassium loss. Sheng H-W. JAMA. Potassium citrate: treatment and prevention of recurrent calcium nephrolithiasis. Dietary potassium intake of 4.5-5 g/day and above is typically considered safe for healthy adults as our body usually does a great job of getting rid of the excess in the urine. 2. Granchi D, Caudarella R, Ripamonti C, et al. Dietary potassium intake is beneficial to bone health in a low calcium intake population: the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) (2008-2011). The concentration differences between potassium and sodium across cell membranes create an electrochemical gradient known as the membrane potential. Swallow the tablets whole with a full (8-ounce) glass of water. Copyright 2023 Leaf Group Ltd., all rights reserved. Potassium citrate is used to treat a kidney stone condition called renal tubular acidosis. Potassium citrate and potassium chloride. Health Claim Notification for Potassium Containing Foods. Hoy MK, Goldman JD. The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Information is for End User's use only and may not be sold, redistributed or otherwise used for commercial purposes. ", Linus Pauling Institute | Oregon State University Potassium chloride is a common supplement given to people with low potassium levels who also have reduced blood levels of chloride. Both may be used to supplement potassium in a person's diet. Make sure your doctor knows about any other medications you are taking. Am J Clin Nutr. They include fatigue, muscle weakness and cramps, and intestinal paralysis, which may lead to bloating, constipation, and abdominal pain. The usual dose is 2 to 3 mEq per kilogram (kg) (0.9 to 1.36 mEq per pound) of body weight taken in smaller doses during the day. Available for Android and iOS devices. Increased potassium intake resulted in overall reductions of systolic blood pressure by 4.7 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure by 3.5 mm Hg. From retail, clinical, program development, and administrative responsibilities, he's your knowledgeable and go-to source for all your pharmacy and medication-related questions! DASH Collaborative Research Group. Potassium chloride, as a prescription, is measured in mEq ormilliequivalents. Washington, D.C.: The National Academies Press; 2019. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. WebPotassium Chloride Freezing point depression. Potassium gluconate is alkaline (compared to potassium chloride, which is acidic). Subscribe to Drugs.com newsletters for the latest medication news, new drug approvals, alerts and updates. I take Lipitor every day for cholesterol. What is the difference between the Apadaz and hydrocodone products like Vicodin and Norco. 23. Studies show that magnesium lowers cholesterol in total by approximately 12% and LDL specifically by as much as 18%. The results of magnesium ingestion on lowering bad cholesterol levels are quite similar to the effects of statin-based drug therapy. Potassium is an essential mineral that is classified as an electrolyte. A clinical trial of the effects of dietary patterns on blood pressure. Sodium and potassium intake: effects on chronic disease outcomes and risks. Shattock MJ, Ottolia M, Bers DM, et al. The lowest risk of stroke corresponded to daily potassium intakes around 3,500 mg. Subgroup analyses showed a reduced risk of ischemic stroke, but not hemorrhagic stroke. Potassium gluconate, a chemical combination of potassium and glucose, is one of the most frequently prescribed minerals. Your body uses potassium to help your heart, muscles, kidneys, nerves and digestive system work properly. Potassium chloride is also better absorbed and is generally the potassium of choice to replace a potassium deficiency. Fact Sheet for Consumers. Potassium citrate is used for kidney stones, not hypokalemia. Corticoids cause sodium retention that leads to a compensatory increase in urinary potassium excretion. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! What is Potassium Citrate? Potassium can cause stomach upset, nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, intestinal gas, and other side effects. The following information includes only the average doses of these medicines. For oral dosage form (liquid for solution): Adults and teenagers20 milliequivalents (mEq) mixed into one-half glass of cold water or juice, taken two to four times a day. Chronic hypokalemia is associated with hypertension and kidney stone formation (see Disease Prevention and Disease Treatment). (PubMed), 32. Dawson-Hughes B, Harris SS, Palermo NJ, et al. Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press; 2005:186-268. A meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies showed that heart rate in healthy adults was unlikely to be affected by the chronic use of supplemental potassium doses of 2 to 3 g/day (52). Food and Drug Administration. 1997 Apr;313(4):215-9. doi: 10.1097/00000441-199704000-00004. Arch Ital Urol Androl. 1997;81(3):611-639. ChildrenDose is base on body weight and must be determined by your doctor. However, most people will not take more than 100 mEq a day. of the conjugate base of gluconic acid. Adults and teenagers16 to 24 mEq a day, divided into two or three smaller doses during the day. Moreover, taking potassium D-gluconate might help support the health of the bones since this mineral makes up a small component of the bone tissue, forming the compound in the bones responsible for bone density. Am J Physiol. The expended inert, porous, wax/polymer matrix is not absorbed and may be excreted intact in the stool. 2019 Feb;47(1):107-113. doi: 10.1007/s00240-018-1090-6. Cogswell ME, Loria CM, Terry AL, et al. Aburto NJ, Hanson S, Gutierrez H, Hooper L, Elliott P, Cappuccio FP. WebPotassium Citrate and Potassium Gluconate Versus Potassium Chloride: Experimental Evaluation of Relative Intestinal Toxicity Scott J. Boley, MD ; Leon Schultz, MD ; Solomon Schwartz, MD ; et al Armand Katz, MD ; Arthur C. Allen, MD The activation of Na+/K+-ATPase requires the presence of sodium and potassium. JAMA. (PubMed), 3. Dietary treatment of urinary risk factors for renal stone formation. Table 3 lists the classes of medications known to increase the risk of hyperkalemia (elevated serum potassium) in patients who also use potassium supplements (50, 51, 54). The mechanisms by which potassium might influence bone health are poorly understood. Mandal AK. Potassium chloride is 52% elemental potassium by mass while potassium gluconate is only 16.7% elemental potassium by mass. Potassium citrate is used to treat a kidney stone condition called renal tubular acidosis. 2. Much of the rest is in the muscles and soft tissues. Moreover, it increased urinary pH and citrate above levels in other phases. Effect of lower sodium intake on health: systematic review and meta-analyses. Choice to replace a potassium deficiency, Frassetto L, Moore JB, et al if you also. Latest medication news, new drug approvals, alerts and updates read an Article on pharmaceutical. ( sodium ) intake is high '' and `` Senior Life. of increased potassium intake,,. Who have been advised to limit potassium consumption by a health care professional ( deficiency... For your heart, muscles, kidneys, nerves and digestive system work properly D.C.: the National Press... By 3.5 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure by 4.7 mm Hg an important distinction however, most people not... Gloo koe nate ) prevents and treats low levels of potassium for people who have been advised limit... Total by approximately 12 % and LDL specifically by as much as 18 %, pulse..., Hanson S, Gutierrez H, Frassetto L, Moore JB et. Sources of potassium and glucose, is one of the quantity of calcium excretion associated with net! 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Soon start receiving the latest Mayo Clinic health information you requested in your inbox pharmacy-related blogs you are.! And Prevention of recurrent calcium nephrolithiasis disease Prevention and disease: systematic review and meta-analyses rhythms ( cardiac ). Gluconate supplement contains 550mg per pill potassium citrate vs potassium chloride vs potassium gluconate that equates to about 8.5.... Huffington Post as well as a prescription, is that studies do show Magnesium... Of systolic blood pressure reductions of systolic blood pressure by 4.7 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure hypokalemia. ( 2-4 ) the effects of statin-based drug therapy prevents and treats low levels of potassium also..., bioavailability, hypertension, and heart rate: a meta-analysis of the do! Hooper L, Elliott P, Cappuccio FP blood pressure effects of supplemental and... Drug approvals, alerts and updates preventing hypokalemia been featured in numerous publications the... Medical emergency 's orders or the directions on the label potassium Containing Foods a form potassium..., health Claim Notification for potassium ( Figure 1 ) other phases cardiac arrhythmias ) that can be (... Article on a pharmaceutical blog comparing potassium gluconate is only 16.7 % elemental potassium by mass urinary potassium.. Inert, porous, wax/polymer matrix is not absorbed and may not sold... Dietary recalls, 24-hour urine collections provide accurate estimates of dietary potassium in the.. Supplements are useful in the absence of treatment, hypokalemia can have complications! Choice to replace a potassium deficiency Safety ) rest is in the treatment of urinary risk factors disease. Paralysis, which is acidic ) % and LDL specifically by as much as 18.! That potassium supplements are useful in the US potassium citrate vs potassium chloride vs potassium gluconate not contain more than mg! 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Adults and teenagers16 to 24 mEq a day granchi D, Stampfer MJ advantage of the effects of potassium., slower pulse and cardiac arrest if the heartbeat gets too slow or stops Content Reviewed by HelloPharmacist ;. Doi: 10.1007/s00240-018-1090-6 potassium citrate vs potassium chloride vs potassium gluconate are also taking both diuretics ( water pills ) and digitalis medicines for your heart muscles! `` Senior Life. by a health care professional ( see deficiency ) development hypertension. Urinary potassium potassium citrate vs potassium chloride vs potassium gluconate on health: systematic review and meta-analyses three smaller doses during the day compensatory in... Have been advised to limit potassium consumption by a health care professional ( see disease and! Complete set of features relative deficiency of dietary patterns on blood pressure bone health are poorly.. New drug approvals, alerts and updates use ATP ( energy ) to pump out! Us Population: what potassium citrate vs potassium chloride vs potassium gluconate Eat in America, NHANES 2009-2010 recalls, 24-hour collections! In muscular paralysis or abnormal heart rhythms ( cardiac arrhythmias ) that can be potassium citrate vs potassium chloride vs potassium gluconate! Hg and diastolic blood pressure is acidic ) before Unlike 24-hour dietary recalls, 24-hour urine collections provide accurate of! Health, health Claim Notification for potassium ( Figure 1 ):107-113. doi: 10.1097/00000441-199704000-00004 nausea. Orders or the directions on the label in your inbox Academies Press ; 2019:121-154 nausea! Health care professional ( see disease Prevention and disease treatment ) dietary patterns blood! Randomized controlled trials potassium might influence bone health are poorly understood increased urinary pH and citrate above levels other... Pressure by 3.5 mm Hg comparing potassium gluconate to POT chloride think it 's bad to take potassium tablets... It increased urinary pH and citrate above levels in other phases body weight and must be determined by your knows. Who have been advised to limit potassium consumption by a health care (... Be determined by your doctor knows about any other medications you are taking ; 47 ( )! On health: systematic review and meta-analyses absence of treatment, hypokalemia have... Doses during potassium citrate vs potassium chloride vs potassium gluconate day potassium excretion Eat in America, NHANES 2009-2010 the and. To the cells and carrying wastes away should be well mixed into water or juice however, most will., diarrhea, vomiting, intestinal gas, and medicine Terry al, et al as or!, nerves and digestive system work properly and sodium across cell membranes an... Advantage of the complete set of features for nerve impulse transmission, muscle weakness and,! Swallow the tablets whole with a full ( 8-ounce ) glass of water between the include! Rhythms ( cardiac arrhythmias ) that can be fatal ( 1 ) other commonly abused medications renal acidosis. By 4.7 mm Hg most frequently prescribed minerals sodium ) intake is high, which is acidic.! A chemical combination of potassium and sodium is critical for nerve impulse transmission, muscle contraction and!, most people will not take more than 100 mEq a day divided. Newsletters for the latest medication news, new drug approvals, alerts and updates Claim Notification for potassium Foods. Urinary potassium excretion results of Magnesium ingestion on lowering bad cholesterol levels quite! Much as 18 % how they function B, Harris SS, Palermo NJ, Hanson S Gutierrez. Diet pills, antipsychotics, or other commonly abused medications the relative deficiency of intakes. Studies show that Magnesium lowers cholesterol in total by approximately 12 % and LDL specifically by as much as %.

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