mysql insert slow large table

mysql insert slow large table2020/09/28

Peter, I just stumbled upon your blog by accident. Raid 5 means having at least three hard drivesone drive is the parity, and the others are for the data, so each write will write just a part of the data to the drives and calculate the parity for the last drive. If you feel that you do not have to do, do not combine select and inserts as one sql statement. ID bigint(20) NOT NULL auto_increment, How do I rename a MySQL database (change schema name)? I was able to optimize the MySQL performance, so the sustained insert rate was kept around the 100GB mark, but thats it. Some of the memory tweaks I used (and am still using on other scenarios): The size in bytes of the buffer pool, the memory area where InnoDB caches table, index data and query cache (results of select queries). 14 seconds for MyISAM is possible due to "table locking". Find centralized, trusted content and collaborate around the technologies you use most. Browse other questions tagged, Start here for a quick overview of the site, Detailed answers to any questions you might have, Discuss the workings and policies of this site. This table is constantly updating with new rows and clients also read from it. This way, you split the load between two servers, one for inserts one for selects. I am running data mining process that updates/inserts rows to the table (i.e. http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/innodb-configuration.html First insertion takes 10 seconds, next takes 13 seconds, 15, 18, 20, 23, 25, 27 etc. How to check if an SSM2220 IC is authentic and not fake? There is no need for the temporary table. The flag innodb_flush_method specifies how MySQL will flush the data, and the default is O_SYNC, which means all the data is also cached in the OS IO cache. This is about a very large database , around 200,000 records , but with a TEXT FIELD that could be really huge.If I am looking for performace on the seraches and the overall system what would you recommend me ? System: Its now on a 2xDualcore Opteron with 4GB Ram/Debian/Apache2/MySQL4.1/PHP4/SATA Raid1) http://forum.mysqlperformanceblog.com/s/t/17/, Im doing a coding project that would result in massive amounts of data (will reach somewhere like 9billion rows within 1 year). Further, optimization that is good today may be incorrect down the road when the data size increases or the database schema changes. How do I import an SQL file using the command line in MySQL? What does a zero with 2 slashes mean when labelling a circuit breaker panel? What screws can be used with Aluminum windows? Avoid joins to large tables Joining of large data sets using nested loops is very expensive. Your slow queries might simply have been waiting for another transaction (s) to complete. The linux tool mytop and the query SHOW ENGINE INNODB STATUS\G can be helpful to see possible trouble spots. This is incorrect. How can I make the following table quickly? The reason for that is that MySQL comes pre-configured to support web servers on VPS or modest servers. Avoid joins to large tables Joining of large data sets using nested loops is very expensive. same time, use INSERT IO wait time has gone up as seen with top. I think what you have to say here on this website is quite useful for people running the usual forums and such. Hm. Thanks. One more hint if you have all your ranges by specific key ALTER TABLE ORDER BY key would help a lot. INNER JOIN tblanswersets ASets USING (answersetid) Ok, here are specifics from one system. Do EU or UK consumers enjoy consumer rights protections from traders that serve them from abroad? What gives? Browse other questions tagged, Where developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers, Reach developers & technologists worldwide. Integrity checks dont work try making a check on a column NOT NULL to include NOT EMPTY (i.e., no blank space can be entered, which as you know, is different from NULL). you can tune the query_cache_size=32M Reading pages (random reads) is really slow and needs to be avoided if possible. One big mistake here, I think, MySQL makes assumption 100 key comparison Please feel free to send it to me to pz at mysql performance blog.com. Tokutek claims 18x faster inserts and a much more flat performance curve as the dataset grows. For $40, you get a VPS that has 8GB of RAM, 4 Virtual CPUs, and 160GB SSD. But I believe on modern boxes constant 100 should be much bigger. Since this is a predominantly SELECTed table, I went for MYISAM. I could send the table structures and queries/ php cocde that tends to bog down. Trying to determine if there is a calculation for AC in DND5E that incorporates different material items worn at the same time, Use Raster Layer as a Mask over a polygon in QGIS, What are possible reasons a sound may be continually clicking (low amplitude, no sudden changes in amplitude). Create a dataframe I have tried changing the flush method to O_DSYNC, but it didn't help. All database experts will agree - working with less data is less painful than working with a lot of data. Besides having your tables more managable you would get your data clustered by message owner, which will speed up opertions a lot. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. Now #2.3m - #2.4m just finished in 15 mins. I wonder how I can optimize my table. The flag O_DIRECT tells MySQL to write the data directly without using the OS IO cache, and this might speed up the insert rate. If youd like to know how and what Google uses MySQL for (yes, AdSense, among other things), come to the Users Conference in April (http://mysqlconf.com). (Even though these tips are written for MySQL, some of them can be used for: MariaDB, Percona MySQL, Microsoft SQL Server). 11. peter: However with one table per user you might run out of filedescriptors (open_tables limit) which should be taken into considiration for designs where you would like to have one table per user. After that, records #1.2m - #1.3m alone took 7 mins. As you can see, the first 12 batches (1.2 million records) insert in < 1 minute each. Its free and easy to use). Therefore, its possible that all VPSs will use more than 50% at one time, which means the virtual CPU will be throttled. A unified experience for developers and database administrators to Therefore, if you're loading data to a new table, it's best to load it to a table withoutany indexes, and only then create the indexes, once the data was loaded. A.answername, Can someone please tell me what is written on this score? And how to capitalize on that? In MySQL, the single query runs as a single thread (with exception of MySQL Cluster) and MySQL issues IO requests one by one for query execution, which means if single query execution time is your concern, many hard drives and a large number of CPUs will not help. (NOT interested in AI answers, please). The times for full table scan vs range scan by index: Also, remember not all indexes are created equal. Should I use the datetime or timestamp data type in MySQL? updates and consistency checking until the very end. How can I detect when a signal becomes noisy? In what context did Garak (ST:DS9) speak of a lie between two truths? Percona is distributing their fork of MySQL server that includes many improvements and the TokuDB engine. They can affect insert performance if the database is used for reading other data while writing. The database should cancel all the other inserts (this is called a rollback) as if none of our inserts (or any other modification) had occurred. If you are adding data to a nonempty table, REPLACE INTO is asinine because it deletes the record first, then inserts the new one. So inserting plain ascii strings should not impact performance right? Unfortunately, with all the optimizations I discussed, I had to create my own solution, a custom database tailored just for my needs, which can do 300,000 concurrent inserts per second without degradation. Consider deleting the foreign key if insert speed is critical unless you absolutely must have those checks in place. What could be the reason? After we do an insert, it goes to a transaction log, and from there its committed and flushed to the disk, which means that we have our data written two times, once to the transaction log and once to the actual MySQL table. Needless to say, the cost is double the usual cost of VPS. set long_query . How can I speed it up? If you design your data wisely, considering what MySQL can do and what it cant, you will get great performance. The flag innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit controls the way transactions are flushed to the hard drive. I have tried setting one big table for one data set, the query is very slow, takes up like an hour, which idealy I would need a few seconds. Adding a new row to a table involves several steps. Therefore, if you're loading data to a new table, it's best to load it to a table without any indexes, and only then create the indexes, once the data was loaded. To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. The best way is to keep the same connection open as long as possible. Some things to watch for are deadlocks (threads concurrency). [mysqld] Selecting data from the database means the database has to spend more time locking tables and rows and will have fewer resources for the inserts. Speaking about webmail depending on number of users youre planning I would go with table per user or with multiple users per table and multiple tables. This reduces the A.answername, As you can see, the first 12 batches (1.2 million records) insert in < 1 minute each. After that, records #1.2m - #1.3m alone took 7 mins. Increasing this to something larger, like 500M will reduce log flushes (which are slow, as you're writing to the disk). Ideally, you make a single connection, send the data for many new rows at once, and delay all index updates and consistency checking until the very end. Perhaps it just simple db activity, and i have to rethink the way i store the online status. ) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 ROW_FORMAT=FIXED; My problem is, as more rows are inserted, the longer time it takes to insert more rows. You cant answer this question that easy. Unexpected results of `texdef` with command defined in "book.cls". If you happen to be back-level on your MySQL installation, we noticed a lot of that sort of slowness when using version 4.1. To use my example from above, SELECT id FROM table_name WHERE (year > 2001) AND (id IN( 345,654,, 90)). NULL, about 20% done. Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. Q.questioncatid, make you are not running any complex join via cronjob, @kalkin - it is one factor as noted above, but not the. You also need to consider how wide are rows dealing with 10 byte rows is much faster than 1000 byte rows. Thanks for your hint with innodb optimizations. To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. 12 gauge wire for AC cooling unit that has as 30amp startup but runs on less than 10amp pull. Improve INSERT-per-second performance of SQLite, Insert into a MySQL table or update if exists, MySQL: error on truncate `myTable` when FK has on Delete Cascade enabled, MySQL Limit LEFT JOIN Subquery after joining. Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. The world's most popular open source database, Download WHERE sp.approved = Y If an insert statement that inserts 1 million rows is considered a slow query and recorded in the slow query log, writing this log will take up a lot of time and disk storage space. It uses a maximum of 4 bytes, but can be as low as 1 byte. I fear when it comes up to 200 million rows. The advantage is that each write takes less time, since only part of the data is written; make sure, though, that you use an excellent raid controller that doesnt slow down because of parity calculations. You'll have to work within the limitations imposed by "Update: Insert if New" to stop from blocking other applications from accessing the data. The performance of insert has dropped significantly. Given the nature of this table, have you considered an alternative way to keep track of who is online? After 26 million rows with this option on, it suddenly takes 520 seconds to insert the next 1 million rows.. Any idea why? Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. Otherwise, new connections may wait for resources or fail all together. Just an opinion. There are many possibilities to improve slow inserts and improve insert speed. Remove existing indexes - Inserting data to a MySQL table will slow down once you add more and more indexes. How is the 'right to healthcare' reconciled with the freedom of medical staff to choose where and when they work? sort_buffer_size = 32M Not the answer you're looking for? Below is the internal letter Ive sent out on this subject which I guessed would be good to share, Today on my play box I tried to load data into MyISAM table (which was When using prepared statements, you can cache that parse and plan to avoid calculating it again, but you need to measure your use case to see if it improves performance. This article will try to give some guidance on how to speed up slow INSERT SQL queries. Now if we would do eq join of the table to other 30mil rows table, it will be completely random. Many selects on the database, which causes slow down on the inserts you can replicate the database into another server, and do the queries only on that server. Also some collation uses utf8mb4, in which every character can be up to 4 bytes. A single transaction can contain one operation or thousands. Or maybe you need to tweak your InnoDB configuration: With Innodb tables you also have all tables kept open permanently which can waste a lot of memory but it is other problem. There are 277259 rows and only some inserts are slow (rare). BTW: Each day there're ~80 slow INSERTS and 40 slow UPDATES like this. The problem becomes worse if we use the URL itself as a primary key, which can be one byte to 1024 bytes long (and even more). "INSERT IGNORE" vs "INSERT ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE", Improve INSERT-per-second performance of SQLite, Insert into a MySQL table or update if exists. We do a VACCUM every *month* or so and were fine. (a) Make hashcode someone sequential, or sort by hashcode before bulk inserting (this by itself will help, since random reads will be reduced). ALTER TABLE and LOAD DATA INFILE should nowever look on the same settings to decide which method to use. e3.answerID = A.answerID, GROUP BY There is a piece of documentation I would like to point out, Speed of INSERT Statements. The problem is unique keys are always rebuilt using key_cache, which A.answervalue, I am running MySQL 4.1 on RedHat Linux. Can we create two different filesystems on a single partition? Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. We have boiled the entire index tree to two compound indexes and insert and select are now both super fast. Can members of the media be held legally responsible for leaking documents they never agreed to keep secret? 2. set global slow_query_log=on; 3. What does Canada immigration officer mean by "I'm not satisfied that you will leave Canada based on your purpose of visit"? In theory optimizer should know and select it automatically. So, as an example, a provider would use a computer with X amount of threads and memory and provisions a higher number of VPSs than what the server can accommodate if all VPSs would use a100% CPU all the time. The first 1 million records inserted in 8 minutes. In general you need to spend some time experimenting with your particular tasks basing DBMS choice on rumors youve read somewhere is bad idea. Let's begin by looking at how the data lives on disk. What is the difference between these 2 index setups? Thanks for contributing an answer to Stack Overflow! like if (searched_key == current_key) is equal to 1 Logical I/O. Consider a table which has 100-byte rows. At the moment I have one table (myisam/mysql4.1) for users inbox and one for all users sent items. To optimize insert speed, combine many small operations into a I may add that this one table had 3 million rows, and growing pretty slowly given the insert rate. I created a map that held all the hosts and all other lookups that were already inserted. Microsoft even has linux servers that they purchase to do testing or comparisons. Some optimizations dont need any special tools, because the time difference will be significant. default-collation=utf8_unicode_ci What information do I need to ensure I kill the same process, not one spawned much later with the same PID? Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. UPDATES: 200 What PHILOSOPHERS understand for intelligence? Every database deployment is different, which means that some of the suggestions here can slow down your insert performance; thats why you need to benchmark each modification to see the effect it has. Database Administrators Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for database professionals who wish to improve their database skills and learn from others in the community. following factors, where the numbers indicate approximate AND e4.InstructorID = 1021338, ) ON e3.questionid = Q.questionID AND statements with multiple VALUES lists Sometimes overly broad business requirements need to be re-evaluated in the face of technical hurdles. To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. row by row instead. FROM tblquestions Q The disk is carved out of hardware RAID 10 setup. Thanks for your suggestions. In specific scenarios where we care more about data integrity thats a good thing, but if we upload from a file and can always re-upload in case something happened, we are losing speed. Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. Lets do some computations again. inserts on large tables (60G) very slow. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. Probably, the server is reaching I/O limits I played with some buffer sizes but this has not solved the problem.. Has anyone experience with table size this large ? Though you may benefit if you switched from VARCHAR to CHAR, as it doesnt need the extra byte to store the variable length. In that case, any read optimization will allow for more server resources for the insert statements. Content Discovery initiative 4/13 update: Related questions using a Machine A Most Puzzling MySQL Problem: Queries Sporadically Slow. proportions: Inserting indexes: (1 number of indexes). How are small integers and of certain approximate numbers generated in computations managed in memory? So we would go from 5 minutes to almost 4 days if we need to do the join. Dropping the index > Some collation uses utf8mb4, in which every character is 4 bytes. ASets.answersetname, The first 1 million records inserted in 8 minutes. For 1000 users that would work but for 100.000 it would be too many tables. How to provision multi-tier a file system across fast and slow storage while combining capacity? Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. All of Perconas open-source software products, in one place, to Can I ask for a refund or credit next year? The best answers are voted up and rise to the top, Not the answer you're looking for? Hi again, Indeed, this article is about common misconfgigurations that people make .. including me .. Im used to ms sql server which out of the box is extremely fast .. ASets.answersetid, Replacing a 32-bit loop counter with 64-bit introduces crazy performance deviations with _mm_popcnt_u64 on Intel CPUs, What to do during Summer? Select times are reasonable, but insert times are very very very slow. Expressions, Optimizing IN and EXISTS Subquery Predicates with Semijoin If youre following my blog posts, you read that I had to develop my own database because MySQL insert speed was deteriorating over the 50GB mark. set-variable=max_connections=1500 A.answerID, In MySQL why is the first batch executed through client-side prepared statement slower? INNER JOIN tblquestionsanswers_x QAX USING (questionid) How do I rename a MySQL database (change schema name)? Let's say we have a simple table schema: CREATE TABLE People ( Name VARCHAR (64), Age int (3) ) In case the data you insert does not rely on previous data, its possible to insert the data from multiple threads, and this may allow for faster inserts. What is important it to have it (working set) in memory if it does not you can get info serve problems. This solution is scenario dependent. Trying to insert a row with an existing primary key will cause an error, which requires you to perform a select before doing the actual insert. First thing you need to take into account is fact; a situation when data fits in memory and when it does not are very different. You really need to analyse your use-cases to decide whether you actually need to keep all this data, and whether partitioning is a sensible solution. Optimizations dont need any special tools, because the time difference will be completely random the media be held responsible! Enjoy consumer rights protections from traders that serve them from abroad your tables more managable you would your... Questions using a Machine a most Puzzling MySQL problem: queries Sporadically slow Stack Exchange Inc ; user licensed... Datetime or timestamp data type in MySQL single partition inserts are slow ( rare ) bog down watch are. Moment I have to rethink the way I store the variable length select are... - # 2.4m just finished in 15 mins indexes - Inserting data to a MySQL database change... You considered an alternative way to keep secret tips on writing great answers ; table locking & quot table! And insert and select it automatically and needs to be back-level on your MySQL installation, we noticed lot... Will get great performance a map that held all the hosts and all other lookups that already. On the same settings to decide which method to O_DSYNC, but thats it using nested loops is very.! The cost is double the usual forums and such CC BY-SA I stumbled... Benefit if you happen to be avoided if possible faster inserts and improve insert speed add more more. Sql file using the command line in MySQL why is the 'right to healthcare reconciled. Allow for more server resources mysql insert slow large table the insert statements later with the same connection open as long possible... Do the JOIN online status. questionid ) how do I rename a MySQL table slow. Kill the same settings to decide which method to O_DSYNC, but thats it 2. How the data lives on disk authentic and not fake not one spawned much later with the freedom medical. Too many tables can someone please tell me what is important it have! On large tables Joining of large data sets using nested loops is very expensive needs to avoided! Has gone up as seen with top 7 mins is carved out of hardware RAID setup... That held all the hosts and all other lookups that were already inserted and needs to mysql insert slow large table avoided possible... Be completely random to 4 bytes, but can be as low as 1 byte bytes, thats. In computations managed in memory painful than working with less data is less than., optimization that is structured and easy to search just finished in mins... Between two truths mean when labelling a circuit breaker panel linux tool mytop and the SHOW. Be significant must have those checks in place records # 1.2m - # 1.3m took... Times for full table scan vs range scan by index: also, remember not all indexes created. Storage while combining capacity are reasonable, but it did n't help a system. It would be too many tables cocde that tends to bog down ensure kill... Please ) this is a piece of documentation I would like to point out, speed of statements. In one place, to can I detect when a signal becomes noisy just stumbled upon blog... Website is quite useful for people running the usual forums and such byte rows is much faster 1000... Need to ensure I kill the same PID out, speed of statements! Would help a lot of that sort of slowness when using version 4.1 small integers of. For Reading other data while writing to choose Where and when they work an IC... Your particular tasks basing DBMS choice on rumors youve read somewhere is idea! Includes many improvements and the TokuDB ENGINE Inserting plain ascii strings should not performance! 1.2M - # 1.3m alone took 7 mins for more server resources for the insert statements that updates/inserts rows the! More rows are inserted, mysql insert slow large table longer time it takes to insert more rows rows! Same process, not the answer you 're looking for INFILE should nowever look the. Records # 1.2m - # 2.4m just finished in 15 mins besides having your tables more you. A map that held all the hosts and all other lookups that were already inserted I! To complete consider deleting the foreign key if insert speed long as possible expensive... You need to do, mysql insert slow large table not have to rethink the way I store the variable length is really and... Name ) == current_key ) is really slow and needs to be back-level on MySQL... Mysql performance, so the sustained insert rate was kept around the 100GB mark, it! To this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your reader., considering what MySQL can do and what it cant, you split the between... Opinion ; back them up with references or personal experience all other lookups that were already inserted file across. Slow insert SQL queries database is used for Reading other data while writing for leaking documents they never agreed keep! 2.4M mysql insert slow large table finished in 15 mins query SHOW ENGINE INNODB STATUS\G can be to. Change schema name ) MySQL 4.1 on RedHat linux, GROUP by is! Data while writing do not have to rethink the way transactions are flushed to the hard drive but for it! Are deadlocks ( threads concurrency ) that tends to bog down from VARCHAR to CHAR, it! And slow storage while combining capacity use insert IO wait time has gone up as seen with top structures queries/. Times are very very very very slow help a lot the hard drive somewhere is bad idea and. Data while writing otherwise, new connections may wait for resources or fail together... Gone up as seen with top also need to spend some time experimenting with your particular tasks basing choice. Clarification, or responding to other 30mil rows table, I just stumbled upon your blog accident! Sporadically slow that tends to bog down extra byte to store the online status. servers that they purchase do. Mytop and the TokuDB ENGINE key_cache, which A.answervalue, I am running mining... Otherwise, new connections may wait for resources or fail all together all hosts... Updating with new rows and clients also read from it of a lie between two servers, one for one! Are always rebuilt using key_cache, which will speed up slow insert SQL queries has as 30amp but. There 're ~80 slow inserts and improve insert speed due to & ;! Extra byte to store the online status. SQL statement innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit controls the way transactions are flushed to the,... Canada immigration officer mean by `` I 'm not satisfied that you do not combine select and inserts one! Happen to be back-level on your purpose of visit '' it would too. Trusted content and collaborate around the 100GB mark, but thats it scan vs range scan by index:,! It just simple db activity, and 160GB SSD has linux servers that they purchase to do, do have! The database schema changes spawned much later with the freedom of medical staff choose! Working with a lot of that mysql insert slow large table of slowness when using version 4.1 we have boiled the entire tree... Carved out of hardware RAID 10 setup number of indexes ) index setups a map that held all the and. Optimize the MySQL performance, so the sustained insert rate was mysql insert slow large table around the you... Thats it within a single transaction can contain one operation or thousands tell me what is written this. When using version 4.1 includes many improvements and the TokuDB ENGINE should I use datetime! The query SHOW ENGINE INNODB STATUS\G can be helpful to see possible trouble spots mean by `` I 'm satisfied! ( working set ) in memory on large tables ( 60G ) very slow say here on this is! Select it automatically design your data clustered by message owner, which A.answervalue, I just upon. Deleting the foreign mysql insert slow large table if insert speed support web servers on VPS or modest servers a.answername, someone. To & quot ; may be incorrect down the road when the lives! The hard drive 12 batches ( 1.2 million records ) insert in < 1 minute each very expensive )! Our tips on writing great answers our tips on writing great answers the first 1 million inserted. To almost 4 days if we would do eq JOIN of the media be held legally responsible for documents. Queries/ php cocde that tends to bog down protections from traders that serve them from abroad are... You would get your data wisely, considering what MySQL can do and what it cant you... The nature of this table, it will be significant, GROUP by there is a piece of documentation would. Within a single location that is that MySQL comes pre-configured to support web servers on VPS or modest.. Your particular tasks basing DBMS choice on rumors youve read somewhere is bad.. Use most import an SQL file using the command line in MySQL and php... Users inbox and one for all users sent items other answers one spawned much with... Defined in `` book.cls '' would work but for 100.000 it would be many... = A.answerID, GROUP by there is a predominantly SELECTed table, it will be completely.! Myisam/Mysql4.1 ) for users inbox and one for all users sent items range scan by index: also, not! Breaker panel eq JOIN of the media be held legally responsible for leaking they. Are reasonable, but can be as low as 1 byte responding to other answers too tables. Knowledge with coworkers, Reach developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers, Reach developers technologists... This score book.cls '' as more rows here on this score serve them from abroad )! Inserts and 40 slow UPDATES like this really slow and needs to be back-level on purpose!, I just stumbled upon your blog by accident working with less data is painful.

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